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Biology 250
leaves
Erect, waxy, smooth stems hold smooth to slightly hairy leaves. Lance-shaped stem leaves are toothed. Largest leaves are 2–6 in. at midstem.
Stem and Flower
Dense cluster of very waxy horizontal stalks at stem top, with many yellow flower heads held atop stalks. Ray flowers short, 8–15, about same number of disk flowers.
Habitat
Grows in streamsides, lakeshores, in moist soils
Smooth Goldenrod
Solidago
gigantea
Description
modified leaves that surrounds the petal-like ray and tubular disk flowers within a flower head. Although there is great variation among composites in the type and number of flowers within a head.
Flowers
white involucre bracts that surround the yellow disk flowers and superficially resemble rays. These bracts remain fresh in appearance long after the central disk flowers have wilted.
Habitat
Woodland, Savannah,Forest Edge,Prairie,Rocky Bluff
Pearly Everlasting
Anaphalis
margaritacea
Common Yarrow
Achillea
millefolium
Description
Common yarrow is a perennial herb that producesone to several stems (8 to 16 inches tall) from a fibrous underground horizontal rootstock. It is known to be both native and introduced. Leaves are evenly distributed along the stem, with the leaves near the middle and bottom of the stem being the largest. The leaves have varying degrees of hairiness. Leaf blades are lance-shaped in outline, but are finely divided. Overall leaf dimensions range from ¼ to 1¼ inch wide by 1¼ to 6 inches long. The flower heads have a flattened dome shape (with approximately 10 - 20 ray flowers. The flowers are whitish to yellowish-white.
Common yarrow is frequently found in the mildly disturbed soil of grasslands and open forests. Common yarrow occurs throughout the United States.
Description
Yellow stonecrop is a low, smooth, clumpy, 2-4 in. tall Small, yellow flowers with five sharp-pointed petals are in clusters along the horizontal branches. Both branches and the small leaves are succulent
Yellow Stonecrop
Sedum
nuttallianum
Flowers
Yellow flower heads are 1-2 inches wide and solitary atop the long stalk.
Fruits/Seeds
The beaked seeds have white bristles about ½ inch long.
Leaves
long, strap-like, vertical, frequently red/purple or with a red/purple mid-vein. All basal and range in length from ¼ to nearly as long as the flowering stalk, 2-14 inches long. Leaves are rather waxy, bluish-green to dark green, and up to an inch wide, with smooth or irregularly-toothed margins.
Stems
leafless
Adaptations
Found on foothills, and in the montane, subalpine and alpine zone. It is common in meadows. It is not tolerant of shade.
Mountain Dandelion
Agoseris
glauca
Description
The plant has a milky sap when the stem or leaves are broken. The plants are much hardier than they look. Bees primarily pollinate harebell although it is capable of self-fertilization. Harebell seeds are extremely small, but can be collected for propagation and then sown directly on the soil in the spring.
Habitat
The harebell is found in a very broad range of dry, open and fairly undisturbed habitats, such as grasslands, roadsides, fixed sand dunes, as well as railway and road verges. It also tolerates a range of soil pH, and can thrive in acid heaths and calcareous grassland.
Climate
Harebell flowers in the summer and fall. Its stem leaves are narrow and grass like, but the basal leaves are rather round, hence the specific name rotundifolia. The narrow, wiry stem averages about a foot tall, while the thin, papery flowers are usually about an inch long.
Mountain Harebell
Campanula
lasiocarpa
